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Effects of a two meals-a-day ketogenic diet on newly diagnosed obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A retrospective observational study.
Li, S, Yuan, S, Lin, G, Zhang, J
Medicine. 2023;(43):e35753
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Abstract
To investigate the effects of a two-meals-a-day energy-restricted ketogenic diet (KD) on newly diagnosed obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. In total, 60 obese patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus were divided into 2 groups: 1 group followed a 2-meals-a-day KD and the other group followed a conventional diabetic diet. Changes in weight, blood glucose, blood lipids, insulin resistance, and uric acid levels were observed before and after 2 months of adhering to the respective diets under energy restriction. Both groups showed significant reductions in weight, waist circumference, body mass index, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoproteins, low-density lipoproteins, fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, and glycated hemoglobin (P < .05). The twice-daily KD group showed more significant improvements in these parameters compared to the conventional diabetic diet group. In addition, the 2-meals-a-day KD group showed a slight increase in uric acid levels compared to the conventional diabetic diet control group (P < .05). The 2-meals-a-day KD can significantly improve weight, blood glucose, and lipid control in newly diagnosed obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Screening cardiovascular risk factors of diabetes patients in the primary diabetes clinics.
An, L, Wang, Y, Cao, C, Chen, T, Zhang, Y, Chen, L, Ren, S, Tang, M, Ma, F, Li, X, et al
Medicine. 2021;(30):e26722
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Abstract
To evaluate the atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) risk factors in type 2 diabetes patients from the primary diabetes clinics for further comprehensive intervention in China.A cross-sectional study was conducted in 5 primary diabetes chain hospitals in Beijing, Lanzhou, Harbin, Chengdu, and Taiyuan in continuous patients with type 2 diabetes from March 2016 to December 2019. The data collected at the first visit were analyzed, and proportions of patients reached the targets (glycosylated hemoglobin [HbA1c] < 7%, blood pressure < 130/80 mm Hg, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C] < 2.6mmol/l) were calculated. The clinical characteristics and the associated factors with achievement in HbA1c, blood pressure, and LDL-C targets were analyzed.A total of 20,412 participants, including 11,353 men (55.6%), with an average age of (59.4 ± 10.4) years were enrolled. Nearly 95% diabetes had one or more ASCVD risk factors other than hyperglycemia. The control rates of HbA1c, blood pressure, and LDL-C were 26.5%, 27.8%, and 42.6%, respectively. Only 4.1% patients achieved all 3 targets. Nearly 95% patients had one or more ASCVD risk factors other than hyperglyciemia. Diabetes duration, family history, and overweight/obesity were associated with the number of aggregated ASCVD risk factors. The patients with older age, no overweight/obesity, not smoking, less ASCVD risk factors, and having special diabetes care insurance (Chengdu) were associated with a higher control rates.To deal with poor control status, global management of ASCVD risk factors, weight loss, and smoking cessation must be emphasized in the primary diabetes care settings. Special diabetes care insurance should be advocated.Current ClinicalTrial.gov protocol ID NCT03707379. Date of Registration: October 16, 2018. https://clinicaltrials.gov.
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Development of hyponatremia after terlipressin in cirrhotic patients with acute gastrointestinal bleeding: a retrospective multicenter observational study.
Xu, X, Lin, S, Yang, Y, Chen, Y, Liu, B, Li, B, Wu, Y, Meng, F, Zhu, Q, Li, Y, et al
Expert opinion on drug safety. 2020;(5):641-647
Abstract
Background: Terlipressin can effectively control acute gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) in cirrhotic patients by acting on the V1 receptors, but may lead to the development of dilutional hyponatremia by acting on the V2 receptors.Research design and methods: This retrospective multicenter study enrolled 674 cirrhotic patients with acute GIB in whom serum sodium concentrations were tested before and during the use of terlipressin. ΔSodium reduction ≥5 mmol/L, hyponatremia (sodium <130 mmol/L), and severe hyponatremia (sodium <125 mmol/L) during the use of terlipressin were evaluated. Logistic regression analyses were employed to identify the risk factors.Results: The incidence of Δsodium reduction ≥5 mmol/L, hyponatremia, and severe hyponatremia was 37.1%, 26.3%, and 13.0%, respectively. All of them were not significantly associated with in-hospital mortality (p = 0.973; p = 0.789; p = 0.887). In multivariate logistic regression analyses, the independent risk factors of Δsodium reduction ≥5 mmol/L were higher baseline sodium concentration, lower serum creatinine and prothrombin time, and larger dosage of terlipressin; those of hyponatremia were lower baseline sodium concentration and longer duration of terlipressin; those of severe hyponatremia were lower baseline sodium concentration and prothrombin time and longer duration of terlipressin.Conclusions: Hyponatremia was common in cirrhotic patients with acute GIB treated with terlipressin, but might not significantly increase the in-hospital mortality.